This is a popular story to show how cruel a king (or sultan or emperor) can be. The rules of this type of government are quite clear. Whatever the leader says, go. Of course, many people had different ideas about how the leader should govern, and these beliefs support completely different types of governments. Rules shape the legitimacy of government or the extent to which the people accept the authority of government. A self-proclaimed monarchy is established when a person claims the monarchy with no historical ties to a previous dynasty. There are examples of republican leaders who declared themselves monarchs: Napoleon I. He declared himself Emperor of France and ruled the First French Empire, having held the title of First Consul of the French Republic for five years since his seizure of power in the coup d`état of 18 Brumaire. President Jean-Bédel Bokassa of the Central African Republic declared himself emperor of the Central African Empire in 1976.
[12] Yuan Shikai, the first official president of the Republic of China, crowned himself emperor of the short-lived « Chinese Empire » a few years after the founding of the Republic of China. [13] In Saudi Arabia, the king is a head of state who is both the absolute monarch of the country and the custodian of the two holy mosques of Islam (خادم الحرمين الشريفين). Formally a king or other powerful man who has a lot of authority and influence, a time when a regent rules in place of a king or queen Countries whose citizens are governed by the absolute decisions of the sovereign were not necessarily unhappy. A government whose king or queen reigns with justice and wisdom can enjoy great legitimacy as long as the authority of the ruler is accepted. Sometimes people accept their boss because they are afraid of the consequences if they don`t. As Machiavelli said, « It is better to be feared than loved. » As long as the feared ruler brings prosperity or protects the lives of his subjects, it is quite possible that his people will be happy. During which members of the same family govern a country or region, monarchs may have different titles. The common European titles of monarchs (in this hierarchical order of nobility) are emperor or empress (from Latin: imperator or imperatrix), king or queen, grand duke or grand duchess, prince or princess, duke or duchess.
[15] Some of the earliest modern European titles (especially in the German states) were elector, margrave (German: margrave, corresponds to the French title marquis, literally « count of the frontier ») and burgrave (German: Burgrave, literally « count of the castle »). The less important titles are count and princely count. Slavic titles include knyaz and zar (ц︢рь) or tsaritsa (царица), a word derived from the Roman imperial title Caesar. It may be important to note that there are 44 monarchies, but there are only 29 monarchs. Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom was queen of 15 other Commonwealth empires that once formed the British Empire, a position now held by her son and current monarch, King Charles III. The monarch, as the head is called, can be head of state, head of government, or both, especially in a constitutional monarchy. The Head of State is the representative of the country and its people, particularly in diplomatic matters. In contrast, the head of government is the person who actually leads the government in shaping and implementing policies like a prime minister or president.
From the end of the 17th century, the spread of republican forms of government developed. The Glorious Revolution in England, the American Revolution and the French Revolution contributed to the growth of representative forms of government. The Soviet Union was the first major country with a communist government. [2] Since the fall of the Berlin Wall, liberal democracy has become an even more widespread form of government. [7] the process by which one person comes after another as king, queen or leader a ceremony in which someone officially becomes king or queen In the Muslim world, the titles of monarchs include caliphs (successors of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and head of the entire Muslim community), padishah (emperor), sultan or sultana, shahanshah (emperor), Shah, Malik (king) or Malikah (queen), emir (commander, prince) or Emira (princess), Sheikh or Sheikh, Imam (used in Oman). The titles of East Asian monarchs are huángdì (emperor or reigning empress), tiānzǐ (son of heaven), tennō (emperor) or josei tennō (reigning empress), wang (king) or yeowang (queen), hwangje (emperor) or yeohwang (reigning empress). South Asian and Southeast Asian titles included mahārāja (high king) or maharani (high queen), raja (king) and rana (king) or rani (queen) and ratu (queen of Southeast Asia). Historically, Mongolian and Turkic monarchs used the titles Khan and Khagan (emperors) or Khatun and Khanum; Ancient Egyptian monarchs used the title of pharaoh for both men and women. In the Ethiopian Empire, monarchs used the title nəgusä nägäst (King of Kings) or nəgəstä nägäst (Queen of Kings). The ruling Kim family in North Korea (Kim Il-sung, Kim Jong-il and Kim Jong-un) has been described as a de facto absolute monarchy.[25][26][27] or a « hereditary dictatorship ». [28] In 2013, Article 10(2) of the recently published Ten Basic Principles of the Workers` Party of Korea states that the Party and the revolution must be carried « forever » by the « Baekdu (Kims) lineage. » [29] However, this does not mean that it is a de jure absolute monarchy, since the country is called the Democratic Republic of Korea.
Formally, the occasion when someone officially holds a position of authority, especially as king, queen or president, to make someone a king or queen in a ceremony in which a crown is placed on their head. Monarchies are thought to be preceded by the similar form of prehistoric social hierarchy known as chieftaincy or tribal royalty. Chiefdoms are identified as monarchical states, as in civilizations such as Mesopotamia, ancient Egypt, and the Indus Valley civilization. [1] In some parts of the world, chiefdoms have become monarchies. [2] Some of the oldest recorded and documented monarchies were Narmer, pharaoh of ancient Egypt around 3100 BC. A.D., and Enmebaragesi, a Sumerian king of Kish around 2600 B.C. A monarch, like a king or queen, rules a kingdom or empire. In a constitutional monarchy, the power of the monarch is limited by a constitution. But in an absolute monarchy, the monarch has unlimited power. Monarchy is an ancient form of government, and the word has been around for a long time.
It derives from the Greek monarkhiÄ, from monarkhos, « monarch ». From the first registrations, monarchs could be directly hereditary, while others were elected from among the members with voting rights. With the reconstructed Proto-Indo-European religion Egyptian, Mesopotamian, Sudanese[3] and others, the monarch had sacred functions directly related to sacrifice and was sometimes identified with divine descent, perhaps establishing an idea of the divine right of kings. Today, at least, most governments claim to be governed by law. The most common clue is the existence of a written constitution, but the most important question is whether the constitution is really the « plan » that determines how and what policies are made. For example, Nigeria is officially a democracy with a written constitution that one dictator after another ignored. On the other hand, Britain never had a constitution as a single written document, but was regulated by law for centuries. For much of their history, the English have had a limited monarchy or a king or queen who have followed the rule of law. Monarchy, especially absolute monarchy, is sometimes associated with religious aspects; Many monarchs once claimed the right to rule according to the will of a deity (divine right of kings, mandate of heaven) or a special association with a deity (holy king), or even claimed to be divine kings or incarnations of deities themselves (imperial worship). Many European monarchs were called fidei defensor (defenders of the faith); Some hold official positions concerning the state religion or the established church. Before primogeniture was enshrined in European law and tradition, kings often ensured succession by having their successor (usually their eldest son) crowned during their lifetime, so that for a time there were two kings in co-regency – an older king and a younger king.